Health and Safety in the Studio

Sound:

• Notify director when doing line up tone
• everyone take off headsets and turn off speakers

Lighting:

• Avoid total darkness but switch off studio lights when not in use
• Use gloves when adjusting lights
• Safety gauzes in place
• No cables left dangling against light

General:

• No smoking, food or drink
• Never stand/put things on cables
• Don't cover electrical items
• when moving electrical equipment switch off from mains
• use circuit breakers
• don't let cables become tangled or tight
• When lifting keep your back straight and use leg power

Aspect Ratios

Standard Definition

SD 4:3 - 720 x 576 non-square pixels
Pillar box
can be made 16:9 by using an anamorphic lens

High Definition

16:9
720p HD frame 1080 x 720
Full HD Frame 1920 x 1080
Letter box

Quad HD = 3840x2160

2k = 2048x1080

4k = 4096x2160

Working with Lighting

Health and Safety:

Always use gloves

  Keep away from curtains and furniture

  Allow 20 mins cool-down time

Always use RCD (trip switch) 

  Always extend any cable coiling to avoid

  overheating from electrical induction (to prevent   potential melting of cabling)

  Don’t overload circuits, esp. in non-studio locations 

 Don’t touch new bulbs with fingers when changing light   bulb

Tape down all cables across throughways

  Carefully adjust sturdiness of lamp stands

  Rain!

  Wind – use sandbags to weigh down lamps 

White Balance

Cameras must be set to recognise a certain colour temperature as neutral white.  This is known as adjusting the white balance.

White light is made up of the full spectrum of these wavelengths, but different proportions of combinations of this spectrum will produce different‘tones’of white, although our eye will adjust to them and just see ‘white’.

To adjust the white-balance

•Get in manual mode

•Go to memory A or B

•Focus on a white surface (full frame) with correct exposition

•Hold AWB button until AWB OK is displayed

•The principal two are photographic daylight (usually thought of as 5600 K) and tungsten (3200 K).

•However, daylight can vary from 2000 K at sunrise to 7000 K on an overcast day.

Boom Operating

Why use a boom pole? Which is the closest place to an actor's voice, that is outside most shot framing?

What is the quickest way to change the position of a microphone?

Video formats

NTSC is used in US and Japan

30 fps

Europe's standard of definition is PAL

Old movies were 16 fps

Cameras have been 24fps since the introduction Of sound

See every frame twice so actually 48fps

Mains electricity is uk is alternating current at 50 hts and as this was used to lock TV signal in it is 25fps

Avid Editing Notes

Exporting:
go to  format options, make sure sound is checked

Keyboard Shortcuts:
s=save
h=hide
] or [=zoom in/out
j <---
l --->
c will open clip in source window
l or k to make tracks different sizes

Audio:
s button will solo a track, m button will mute a track
CDs are normally louder - adjust in import settings
windows, workspaces, audio editing
can select from fast menu to automation mix as the sequence plays, right click, modify

Dupe Detection will highlight if you've used any frames more than once

AMA linking:
If AMA link up doesn't work then delete the AMA management folder on the macintosh hard disk

Users:
To make new user go to settings, drop down from apple to new user

Save bin layout in case you mess bins up: workspaces, properties, associate a layer with a workspace

Effects:
If have green dot they play in real time without rendering
To save an effect drag its icon into the bin

Titles:
Tools, title tool application
...... put border on
drag box to create shadow, click in box to change direction of fade
object menu, soften shadow
click white box to open temporary control
object menu, send to front or back
roll is up and down
crawl is side to side
set in and out points to adjust the speed to credits
right click, render at position to make text work

Time Warp:
won't change sound speed
fast menu, speeding frame
use speed graph or points on graph
Roger recommends 'blended inerpolated'
put anchor in middle, click both keyframes on, make middle one another point, type -100 in first bottom box

Nesting:
Double click video track to add another effect

Colour Correction:
workspaces, colour correction
waveform monitor, rgb parade
y waveform is luminsesence
if leave video track on it applies effect to whole track
eye drop a colour cast with wrong colour
retroscope reads colour saturation
option c will save colour correction

Working with still graphics:


When editing a news story:
A1=Sync (dogs barking, people talking)
A2=Voiceover
A3=F/X (traffic noise etc)

Warnings:

• When you make a new sequence you lose your undo list
•