- in The Prince Machiavelli recommends ruthlessness, muder, betrayal, manipulation, deceit, lying, and the use of false propaganda to obtain and keep power
 - Machiavelli was disillusioned democrat who apparently wrote this in a spirit of bitter irony
 - associated with the cold logic of a new way of thinking
 
Machiavel:
- Character who showed these characteristics
 - Puts forwards cynical and heartless arguments
 - dissatisfied mam
 - often engaged in revenge or getting own back on society
 
- man who only pursues own interest would be dissatisfied
 - developed from melancholy and shock of The Prince
 
Examples: 
Bosola from The Duchess of Malfi
Iago from Othello
Barabas from The Jew of Malta
Deflores from The Changeling
Edmund from King Lear
Maybe Hamlet/Claudius and Macbeth
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